Tissue Material Assumptions
The following assumptions were made when assigning known electromagnetic material IDs to tissues whose electromagnetic properties are not known.
Table 2: Tissue Material Assumptions (Updated: 2/1/2016)
Slices | Actual Material | Assigned Material | Why? | Reference | Page Number |
1010-1050 | Galea Aponeurotica | Muscle | "continuous fibromuscular sheet" | [13] | 790 |
1013-1162 | Sutures | Bone Cortical | "When cranial growth ends, osteogenic cells generally bring about complete ossification of sutural ligaments" | [13] | 487 |
1019-1122 | Superior Sagittal Sinus | Blood Vessel | "venous channel, draining blood from the brain and cranial bones" | [13] | 1582 |
1022-1215 | Fissure / Subarachnoid Space | Cerebrospinal Fluid | "CSF … reach[es] the subarachnoid space of the lateral fissure and … spread[s] over the cerebral surface." | [13] | 1205 |
1072-1107 | Ventricle | Cerebrospinal Fluid | "CSF fills the ventricles" | [13] | 1202 |
1090-1115 | Frontal Sinus | Air | "large air sinus" | [13] | 585 |
1114-1150 | Transverse Sinus | Blood Vessel | The transverse sinus is one of the dural sinuses which "[drain] the blood from the brain and cranial bones" | [13] | 1582 |
1116-1167 | Sphenoid Sinus/Maxillary Sinus | Air | "large air sinus" | [13] | 585 |
1118-1121 | Neurohypophysis | Nerve | "The neurohypophysis contains thin, nonmyelinated nerve fibres" | [13] | 1886 |
1118-1124 | Adenohypophysis | Gland | Part of the pituitary gland | [13] | 1883 |
1155-1178 | Cisterna Magna | Cerebrospinal Fluid | "… allows CSF to flow from the ventricle into the cerebellomedullary cistern (cisterna magna) and thus into the subarachnoid space." | [13] | 1208 |
1164-1174 | Hard Palate | Bone Cortical | "The hard palate is formed by the palatine processes of the maxillae and the horizontal plates of the palatine bones." | [13] | 1688 |
1165-1190 | Uvula | Muscle | "labeled as "Uvula Muscle" | [9] | |
1179-1281 | Deep Fascia | Tendon | "Regular connective tissue includes those highly fibrous tissues with fibres regularly oriented, either to form sheets such as fasciae and aponeuroses, or thicker bundles as ligaments or tendons." | [13] | 90 |
1187-1193 | Palatine Tonsil | Lymph | "Each is a mass of lymphoid tissue" | [13] | 1446 |
1191-1224 | Lingual Tonsils | Lymph | "Each is a mass of lymphoid tissue" | [13] | 1446 |
1197-1800 | Intervertebral Disc | Cartilage | "fibrocartilagenous" | [13] | 513 |
1211-1223 | Epiglottis | Cartilage | Listed as "Epiglottic cartilage" | [13] | 1641 |
1241-1442 | Inside the trachea | Air | Assumed to be filled with air | ||
1254-1517 | Inside the esophagus | Air | Assumed to be filled with air | ||
1344-1480 | Heart | Heart | Instead of dividing the heart into HeartDCT and HeartMuscle, the electromagnetic properties of the heart in [10] are used for both. | ||
1366-1443 | Right and Left Principal Bronchi | Trachea | The left and right principal bronchi are a continuation of the trachea and appear most similar to the trachea. | ||
1433-1628 | Diaphragm | Diaphragm | "The diaphragm is a curved musculofibrous sheet… ." "Although it is a continuous sheet the muscle can be considered to form thee parts…" It is assigned the same electromagnetic properties as muscle. | [13] | 815 - 816 |
1458-1666 | Inside the stomach | Stomach Internal | Electromagnetic properties of stomach internal are currently assigned to air. However, the properties could be replaced with an equivalent food material or acid, depending on the model. Starting in v2.3, stomach internal uses the same material properties as muscle. | ||
1556-1619 | Peritoneal cavity | Peritoneal Cavity | "Its free surface is covered by a layer of mesothelium, kept moist and smooth by a film of serous fluid." Peritoneal Cavity is assigned the same electromagnetic properties as Body Fluid. | [13] | 1734 |
1580-1843 | Inside the small intestine | Small Intestine Internal | There was a distinction made between the small intestine and inside of the small intestine. Relevant properties could be assigned to the inside of the small intestine. Starting in v2.3, small intestine internal uses the same material properties as muscle. | ||
1609-1909 | Inside the colon | Colon Internal | There was a distinction made between the colon and inside of the colon. Relevant properties could be assigned to the inside of the colon. Starting in v2.3, colon internal uses the same material properties as muscle. | ||
2187-2300 | Meniscus | Tendon | The meniscus was labeled as tendon. This may be changed in future versions (relabeled as meniscus). | ||
Whole body | Fascia | Tendon | Tissue labeled fascia refer to deep fascia which is composed of "regular connective tissue includes those highly fibrous tissues with fibres regularly oriented, either to form sheets such as fasciae and aponeuroses, or thicker bundles as ligaments or tendons." It is assigned the same electromagnetic properties as tendon. | [13] | 90 |
Whole body | Ligament | Tendon | "Regular connective tissue includes those highly fibrous tissues with fibres regularly oriented, either to form sheets such as fasciae and aponeuroses, or thicker bundles as ligaments or tendons." | [13] | 90 |
Whole body | Blood Vessels / Blood Veins / Arteries / Blood | Blood Vessel | [10] provides properties for aorta, blood, and blood vessel. It should be noted that the electromagnetic properties for aorta and blood vessel are identical in [10]. The electromagnetic properties for blood were only used for the ventricles and atriums which would have been filled with blood. |
Previous: Image Shifts | Up: Assumptions | Next: Problem Regions |